之十二：因信被称为义、承受世界、得以坚固[5月17日罗马书]

罗马书｜之十二：因信被称为义、承受世界、得以坚固

5月17日

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朱志山牧师

经文: 罗4:13-25

课题: 恩典, 重生与变化, 信心与信仰系统, 与神立约/应许化, 应许/四大福音化,

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马丁路德说：“倘若我们认识因信称义的教义，我们就是处在最明亮的光芒，倘若不，我们就是身处于最深渊的黑暗”。纵然“因信称义”这伟大的真理已在过去500年里在基督教界公然的被声明，但至今仍然有许多信徒对“唯独信心”的教义毫不认知或存有疑点。更糟的是许多教师与牧师没有在此给予精确的教导。事实上，我们单单因着信被称为义，而这信临到我们本是神的主权性与超自然的作为，里头毫无人的因素与功德。今天，有不少信徒仍旧没在此根基定准，总觉得人的称义（重生得救）仍有人的行为或某种顺服表现的因素在里头，或就是认为有某些自然的因素能造成人对神产生信心，以此决定跟从祂（例如：亚伯拉罕能信，乃是因遇到了哥哥与父亲丧亡的事，以至对人生绝望而向神回应）。倘若如此，那便无形中削弱圣灵在人心中的作为，不将神当得的荣耀归给祂。事实上，信与行有联结与区分关系。信心的确会带来顺服的行为。这纵然是会越来越明显的显露，但在信的当儿，行为是未见的。信的实质本身是见不到行为的，因为信是在人的内里发生的事，是圣灵看不见的作为临到人的生命里的事。当一个人将生命的主权交给耶稣的当儿，那根本没有任何明显的行为或顺服的表现在其中，唯独圣灵单单赐人信心，使人以信回应神。那么，雅各书所宣称的“信心必带来行为”的真理又如何解释呢？那是在信心结出果子之后所生发出来的行为，也能说是真信后逐步显然的表现。今天，教会讲台有很多的教导是没有将信心与行为划分之下大力强调行为的必要性与需要性。许多牧者们专夸奖那些品行端正的会友（例如：会做人、为教会付出、奉献上有见证、在职场中有好见证、听从教会带领人的劝导、等）。纵然这些好行为的表现都是真信之人必会达成的结果，但行为并非神称赞的因素。神所称赞的乃是发自这些行为的信心。亚伯拉罕得神的称赞是因他的信，而他的行为（顺服）的表现只是证实他的信。在主耶稣称赞撒该的话当中也显出主看重他的信心《路19:1-10》。主并非指出他的好行为为称赞的因素，乃是说：“今天救恩到了这家，因为他也是亚伯拉罕的子孙”（换句话：他也是如同亚伯拉罕，因信称义之人）。《希11:39》说到人因信心得神称许（改述）。所以，我们会晓得行为毫无称义的要素，唯有是证实信心存在的因素。况且，行为也有很多模糊不清的层面。有的是虚假的行为（例如：为人而不为神而做）；或是某人信心还未到达某些善行的程度（例如：有的人确实是信，但因信心幼嫩而未能舍去某些地上的利益）；再就是也有个人从神领受的某些托付或指示，所以在行为的表现上与众不同。但话说回来，我们也绝不能以此为体贴老我的借口。倘若人自欺，或是在信心走退后路，神总不喜悦。所以，雅各书是在此原因之下向人要求信心的明证，用意有两个：一，向那根本没得救之人说明其事实，好叫他们不继续自欺，以至真实的悔改；二，向那得救的人发出指责，讲说他们亏欠了恩典，以至能觉悟而转向神。

Martin Luther said, “If we recognize the doctrine of justification by faith, we are in the brightest light, if not, we are the in the darkness of the abyss”.  Although this great truth of “justification by faith” has been publicly proclaimed in the Christian world for the past 500 years, there’re still many believers who are ignorant or have doubts towards the doctrine of “only by faith”. The situation is worsened when many teachers and pastor do not give an accurate teaching in this area. Actually, we are purely justified by faith, and it is intrinsically God’s sovereign and supernatural work for this faith to come upon us, there’s no human element nor works in this. Today, many believers are not rooted in this foundation, still thinking that there’re human works or display of submission when it comes to justification (born again and salvation); or there are some natural elements that cause man to have faith towards God, and thus resolve into following Him (Eg: Abraham believed because he encountered the death of his brother and father, thus he lost all hope in his life and responded to God). If so, unknowingly, this is akin to weakening the works of Holy Spirit in the hearts of men, and not giving all glory rightfully God’s back to Him. In fact, there are both connecting and distinctive relationships between faith and works. Indeed, faith brings acts of submission. Although it will be more and more obvious, the acts are not seen when one has faith. The nature of faith is devoid of acts, for it is something that happens within - a matter of the invisible work of Holy Spirit upon a man’s life. When a person surrenders his sovereignty to Jesus, there is no obvious acts or manifestation of submission in it, only the faith given through the Holy Spirit that enables one to respond to God. How then can we explain the truth of “faith will surely bring deeds” as proclaimed in book of James? That is the deeds brought through the fruits of faith, in another word, it is something gradually realized and seen after one has truly believed. Today, the teachings of the pulpits of many churches have not distinguished faith and deeds, and strongly emphasize how essential and needful deeds are. Many shepherds specifically praise the church-goers with good conducts (Eg: appropriateness, sacrifice for the church, there’re testimonies in the offering and workplaces, submitting to the advices of the church leaders etc). Although such good conducts are the outcomes that will be attained by those who truly believe, they are not the factors that earn God’s praises. It is the faith that gives rise to such deeds that are commendable by God. It is for Abraham’s faith that God commended him, and the display of his work (submission) only proved his faith. In the words of compliment Lord Jesus gave to Zacchaeus, we also see that the Lord valued his faith <Lk 19:1-10>. Lord did not give credits to his good deeds, instead, he said, “today salvation has come to this because, because this man, too, is a son of Abraham” (in another word, he was like Abraham, one who was justified by faith). <Heb 11:39> mentioned that the people were commended by God for their faith (rephrase). Therefore, we ought to know that, deeds are not the requirement for justification but proof of the existence of faith. Also, there’re many grey zones in deeds. Some are false deeds (Eg: do for men not God); or certain people’s faith has not reached the stage to carry out the good deed (Eg: some people truly believe, but they are young in faith and thus cannot forsake certain earthly gains); there’re some who are entrusted and instructed by God in certain areas, thus they are different in their deeds. But all in all, we definitely cannot take this as an excuse to dwell in our old self, for God does not delight in man deceiving themselves and walk backward in their faith. Therefore, it’s under this context that the book of James asks men to have the proof of faith, reasons being: Firstly, to put forth the truth to those who’re unsaved, so that they cannot continue to deceive themselves and be brought to true repentance; Secondly, rebuking those who’re saved, telling them that they have fallen short of the grace, so that they will be awakened and turned to God.

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